Exploring Gender as a Performance in Queer Theory Through the Lens of Experts

Abstract

This conceptual paper elaborates on the concept of gender as a performance within queer theory, drawing on the insights of experts such as Judith Butler, R.W. Connell, and Jack Halberstam. This concept is grounded in queer theory, a literary theory that enables researchers to examine the representations of sexual identities and gender roles in literature and media entertainment through their characters. Gender as a performance investigates how gender norms and roles are constructed by culture. It deviates from the traditional views of gender, which, to be believed, was something human was born with. Judith Butler, a scholar within feminist and gender studies, proposed the idea of gender performativity, the foundational framework of future concepts. She stated how culture and media are essential factors in determining gender roles. Then, Raewyn Connell built upon Butler’s concept and argued that within gender roles, particularly masculinity, there is a hierarchy that determines acceptance and privilege of a man in society, including hegemonic masculinity. Lastly, Jack Halberstam believed that if gender is an act, then anybody, regardless of their sex, can act in any gender they want. This led to female masculinity, the idea that a woman can act masculine, as it is not an inherited trait, but a performance. Understanding these concepts opens wider opportunities to examine literary works on their gender representation, whether they conform or not. Also, it allows the reader to question what normal is, in gender roles and norms, as they are considered as performance, not a naturally obtained trait.